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              <h1 id="Ribbon-介绍"><a href="#Ribbon-介绍" class="headerlink" title="Ribbon 介绍"></a>Ribbon 介绍</h1><blockquote>
<p><code>Ribbon</code>是<code>Netflix</code>发布的一款用于负载均衡的开源项目，是一个客户端的负载均衡器。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Ribbon</code>会基于某些规则(轮询，随机等)决定要调用的服务链接，并且可以使用<code>Ribbon</code>实现自定义的负载均衡算法。</p>
<h2 id="负载均衡是什么"><a href="#负载均衡是什么" class="headerlink" title="负载均衡是什么"></a>负载均衡是什么</h2><p>负载均衡(Load Balance)简单来说就是将用户的请求平摊到各个服务器上，从而提高服务的承载能力。</p>
<h2 id="Ribbon-本地负载均衡和Nginx-服务端负载均衡的区别"><a href="#Ribbon-本地负载均衡和Nginx-服务端负载均衡的区别" class="headerlink" title="Ribbon 本地负载均衡和Nginx 服务端负载均衡的区别"></a>Ribbon 本地负载均衡和Nginx 服务端负载均衡的区别</h2><p>Nginx: 客户端所有请求都先发给Nginx，让后由Nginx 服务器实现请求转发。(集中式LB)</p>
<p>Ribbon: 在调用微服务接口的时候，由Ribbon 的负载均衡算法决定调用哪个服务接口。(进程内LB)</p>
<h2 id="集中式LB-和进程内LB"><a href="#集中式LB-和进程内LB" class="headerlink" title="集中式LB 和进程内LB"></a>集中式LB 和进程内LB</h2><p>集中式Load Balancer: 在服务的消费方和提供方之间使用独立的LB 设施，由该设施负责把请求访问通过某种策略转发制服务提供方</p>
<p>进程内Load Balancer: 将LB 逻辑集成到消费方，消费方从服务注册中心获知有那些服务地址可用，然后自己再从这些地址中选择一个合适的服务器</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h1 id="Ribbon-引入"><a href="#Ribbon-引入" class="headerlink" title="Ribbon 引入"></a>Ribbon 引入</h1><p>修改<code>pom.xml</code><br><pre><code class="hljs xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>&gt;</span>
  <span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>
  <span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>
  <span class="hljs-comment">&lt;!-- 版本从父工程的dependencyManagement中继承, 故此处不用写 --&gt;</span>
<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></code></pre></p>
<p><code>Ribbon</code>已经集成在<code>Eureka Client</code>中，如果<code>pom.xml</code>中已经引入<code>Eureka Client</code>，则可以不用再引入<code>Ribbon</code></p>
<pre><code class="hljs xml"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>&gt;</span>
  <span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.cloud<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>
  <span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>
<span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></code></pre>
<h1 id="Ribbon-的使用"><a href="#Ribbon-的使用" class="headerlink" title="Ribbon 的使用"></a>Ribbon 的使用</h1><p>使用<code>@LoadBalancer</code>注解授予<code>RestTemplate</code>负载均衡功能，<br><pre><code class="hljs java"><span class="hljs-meta">@Configuration</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ApplicationontextConfig</span> </span>&#123;
    <span class="hljs-meta">@Bean</span>
    <span class="hljs-meta">@LoadBalanced</span>  <span class="hljs-comment">// 授予restTemplate负载均衡能力</span>
    <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> RestTemplate <span class="hljs-title">getRestTemplate</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> </span>&#123;
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RestTemplate();
    &#125;
&#125;</code></pre></p>
<p>使用<code>@Resource</code>或者<code>@Autowired</code> 装配具有负载均衡能力的<code>RestTemplate</code><br><pre><code class="hljs java"><span class="hljs-meta">@RestController</span>
<span class="hljs-meta">@RequestMapping</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"/test"</span>)
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">TestController</span> </span>&#123;
    <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> String TEST_URL = <span class="hljs-string">"http://irs-provider-test/test"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-meta">@Resource</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> RestTemplate restTemplate;

    <span class="hljs-meta">@GetMapping</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"/get"</span>)
    <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> CommonResult <span class="hljs-title">get</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> </span>&#123;
        <span class="hljs-comment">// restTemplate 现在已经具有了负载均衡能力</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> restTemplate.getForObject(TEST_URL+<span class="hljs-string">"/get"</span>, CommonResult<span class="hljs-class">.<span class="hljs-keyword">class</span>)</span>;
    &#125;
&#125;</code></pre></p>
<h1 id="Ribbon-默认算法介绍"><a href="#Ribbon-默认算法介绍" class="headerlink" title="Ribbon 默认算法介绍"></a>Ribbon 默认算法介绍</h1><ul>
<li><code>RoundRobinRule</code>: 轮询</li>
<li><code>RandomRule</code>: 随机</li>
<li><code>RetryRule</code>: 先按照<code>RoundRobinRule</code>策略获取服务，如果获取服务失败会在指定时间内重试</li>
<li><code>WeightedResponseTimeRule</code>: 根据平均响应时间计算所有服务的权重，响应时间越快服务权重越大。如果统计信息不足，则使用<code>RoundRobinRule</code>策略。等信息足够，则切换到<code>WeightedResponseTimeRule</code>策略</li>
<li><code>ZoneAvoidanceRule</code>: 复合判断 服务所在的区域的性能 和 服务的可用性 以选择服务器</li>
<li><code>BestAvailableRule</code>: 会先过滤掉由于多次访问故障而处于断路器跳闸状态的服务，然后选择一个并发量最小的服务</li>
<li><code>AvaliabilityFilteringRule</code>: 会先过滤由于多次访问故障而处于断路器跳闸的状态的服务 和 并发的连接数量超过阈值的服务，然后对剩余的服务列表进行轮询</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="Ribbon-负载规则替换"><a href="#Ribbon-负载规则替换" class="headerlink" title="Ribbon 负载规则替换"></a>Ribbon 负载规则替换</h1><blockquote>
<p>如果多个<code>Ribbon</code>客户端需要配置负载规则，则自定义配置类不能放在<code>@ComponentScan</code>所能扫描到的包下，否则自定义配置类会被所有的<code>Ribbon</code>共享，达不到定制的目的。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>创建自定义配置类<br><pre><code class="hljs java"><span class="hljs-meta">@Configuration</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">LoadBalancerRuleConfig</span> </span>&#123;
    <span class="hljs-meta">@Bean</span>
    <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> IRule <span class="hljs-title">LBRule</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span> </span>&#123;
        <span class="hljs-comment">// 定义负载均衡规则</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RandomRule();
    &#125;
&#125;</code></pre></p>
<p>在启动类中加上<code>@RibbonClient注解</code><br><pre><code class="hljs java"><span class="hljs-meta">@SpringBootApplication</span>
<span class="hljs-meta">@EnableEurekaClient</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// 这里的name 指的是服务提供方的name</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// 即当前消费方使用自定义配置与其通信的服务提供方的 spring.application.name 的属性</span>
<span class="hljs-meta">@RibbonClient</span>(name = <span class="hljs-string">"irs-provider-payment"</span>, configuration = &#123;LoadBalancerRuleConfig<span class="hljs-class">.<span class="hljs-keyword">class</span>&#125;)
<span class="hljs-title">public</span> <span class="hljs-title">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">OrderMain80</span> </span>&#123;
    <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> </span>&#123;
        SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80<span class="hljs-class">.<span class="hljs-keyword">class</span>, <span class="hljs-title">args</span>)</span>;
    &#125;
&#125;</code></pre></p>

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      jQuery(document).ready(function ($) {
        //点击body时触发事件
        $("body").click(function (e) {
          //需要显示的词语
          var a = new Array("富强", "民主", "文明", "和谐", "自由", "平等", "公正", "法治", "爱国", "敬业", "诚信", "友善");
          //设置词语给span标签
          var $i = $("<span/>").text(a[a_idx]);
          //下标等于原来下标+1  余 词语总数
          a_idx = (a_idx + 1) % a.length;
          //获取鼠标指针的位置，分别相对于文档的左和右边缘。
          //获取x和y的指针坐标
          var x = e.pageX, y = e.pageY;
          //在鼠标的指针的位置给$i定义的span标签添加css样式
          $i.css({
            "z-index": 999,
            "top": y - 20,
            "left": x,
            "position": "absolute",
            "font-weight": "bold",
            "color": rand_color()
          });
          // 随机颜色
          function rand_color() {
            return "rgb(" + ~~(255 * Math.random()) + "," + ~~(255 * Math.random()) + "," + ~~(255 * Math.random()) + ")"
          }
          //在body添加这个标签
          $("body").append($i);
          //animate() 方法执行 CSS 属性集的自定义动画。
          //该方法通过CSS样式将元素从一个状态改变为另一个状态。CSS属性值是逐渐改变的，这样就可以创建动画效果。
          //详情请看http://www.w3school.com.cn/jquery/effect_animate.asp
          $i.animate({
            //将原来的位置向上移动180
            "top": y - 180,
            "opacity": 0
            //1500动画的速度
          }, 1500, function () {
            //时间到了自动删除
            $i.remove();
          });
        });
      })
      ;
    </script>
  














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